The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
Copyrights notice
The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Bukti Kerja (PoW), yang merupakan algoritma konsensus untuk blockchain, memerlukan sejumlah besar pengiraan cincang yang tidak bermakna dan pembaziran kuasa elektrik dan sumber pengiraan. Pada tahun 2021, dianggarkan PoW Bitcoin menggunakan tenaga elektrik sebanyak penggunaan kuasa tahunan Pakistan (91TWh). Ini adalah masalah serius terhadap matlamat pembangunan mampan. Bagi menyelesaikan masalah ini, kajian ini mencadangkan Meaningful-PoW (mPoW), yang melibatkan pengiraan yang bermakna, iaitu aplikasi algoritma genetik (GA) kepada PoW. Secara khusus, dengan menggunakan nilai perantaraan yang dijana secara berkala melalui pengiraan GA sebagai input kepada Hashcash yang digunakan dalam Bitcoin, adalah mungkin untuk menjadikan skim ini pengiraan yang bermakna (masalah pengoptimuman GA) sambil mengekalkan sifat yang diperlukan untuk PoW. Tambahan pula, dengan menggunakan teknologi pengikat peranti, mPoW boleh tahan ASIC tanpa memerlukan memori yang besar. Oleh itu, kami menunjukkan bahawa mPoW boleh mengurangkan penggunaan berlebihan kedua-dua sumber kuasa dan pengiraan.
Takaki ASANUMA
the University of Hyogo
Takanori ISOBE
the University of Hyogo
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Salinan
Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, "mPoW: How to Make Proof of Work Meaningful" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals,
vol. E106-A, no. 3, pp. 333-340, March 2023, doi: 10.1587/transfun.2022CIP0010.
Abstract: Proof of Work (PoW), which is a consensus algorithm for blockchain, entails a large number of meaningless hash calculations and wastage of electric power and computational resources. In 2021, it is estimated that the PoW of Bitcoin consumes as much electricity as Pakistan's annual power consumption (91TWh). This is a serious problem against sustainable development goals. To solve this problem, this study proposes Meaningful-PoW (mPoW), which involves a meaningful calculation, namely the application of a genetic algorithm (GA) to PoW. Specifically, by using the intermediate values that are periodically generated through GA calculations as an input to the Hashcash used in Bitcoin, it is possible to make this scheme a meaningful calculation (GA optimization problem) while maintaining the properties required for PoW. Furthermore, by applying a device-binding technology, mPoW can be ASIC resistant without the requirement of a large memory. Thus, we show that mPoW can reduce the excessive consumption of both power and computational resources.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/fundamentals/10.1587/transfun.2022CIP0010/_p
Salinan
@ARTICLE{e106-a_3_333,
author={Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals},
title={mPoW: How to Make Proof of Work Meaningful},
year={2023},
volume={E106-A},
number={3},
pages={333-340},
abstract={Proof of Work (PoW), which is a consensus algorithm for blockchain, entails a large number of meaningless hash calculations and wastage of electric power and computational resources. In 2021, it is estimated that the PoW of Bitcoin consumes as much electricity as Pakistan's annual power consumption (91TWh). This is a serious problem against sustainable development goals. To solve this problem, this study proposes Meaningful-PoW (mPoW), which involves a meaningful calculation, namely the application of a genetic algorithm (GA) to PoW. Specifically, by using the intermediate values that are periodically generated through GA calculations as an input to the Hashcash used in Bitcoin, it is possible to make this scheme a meaningful calculation (GA optimization problem) while maintaining the properties required for PoW. Furthermore, by applying a device-binding technology, mPoW can be ASIC resistant without the requirement of a large memory. Thus, we show that mPoW can reduce the excessive consumption of both power and computational resources.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transfun.2022CIP0010},
ISSN={1745-1337},
month={March},}
Salinan
TY - JOUR
TI - mPoW: How to Make Proof of Work Meaningful
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SP - 333
EP - 340
AU - Takaki ASANUMA
AU - Takanori ISOBE
PY - 2023
DO - 10.1587/transfun.2022CIP0010
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
SN - 1745-1337
VL - E106-A
IS - 3
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals
Y1 - March 2023
AB - Proof of Work (PoW), which is a consensus algorithm for blockchain, entails a large number of meaningless hash calculations and wastage of electric power and computational resources. In 2021, it is estimated that the PoW of Bitcoin consumes as much electricity as Pakistan's annual power consumption (91TWh). This is a serious problem against sustainable development goals. To solve this problem, this study proposes Meaningful-PoW (mPoW), which involves a meaningful calculation, namely the application of a genetic algorithm (GA) to PoW. Specifically, by using the intermediate values that are periodically generated through GA calculations as an input to the Hashcash used in Bitcoin, it is possible to make this scheme a meaningful calculation (GA optimization problem) while maintaining the properties required for PoW. Furthermore, by applying a device-binding technology, mPoW can be ASIC resistant without the requirement of a large memory. Thus, we show that mPoW can reduce the excessive consumption of both power and computational resources.
ER -