The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
Copyrights notice
The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Teknologi kontena Linux dan gugusan kontena dijangka akan menjadikan perkhidmatan web yang terdiri daripada berbilang pelayan web dan pengimbang beban mudah alih, dan dengan itu merealisasikan pemindahan mudah perkhidmatan web merentas penyedia awan yang berbeza dan pusat data di premis. Ini menghalang perkhidmatan daripada dikunci dalam penyedia awan tunggal atau satu lokasi dan membolehkan pengguna memenuhi keperluan perniagaan mereka, contohnya, bersiap sedia untuk bencana alam. Bagaimanapun sistem pengurusan kontena sedia ada kekurangan pelaksanaan generik untuk mengarahkan trafik dari internet ke perkhidmatan web yang terdiri daripada kelompok kontena. Sebagai contoh, Kubernetes, yang merupakan salah satu sistem pengurusan kontena yang paling popular, sangat bergantung pada pengimbang beban awan. Jika pengguna menggunakan penyedia awan yang tidak disokong atau pusat data di premis, terpulang kepada pengguna untuk menghalakan trafik ke dalam kelompok mereka sambil mengekalkan redundansi dan kebolehskalaan. Ini bermakna pengguna boleh dengan mudah dikunci dalam penyedia awan utama termasuk GCP, AWS dan Azure. Dalam kertas ini, kami mencadangkan seni bina untuk kumpulan pengimbang beban kontena dengan lebihan ECMP. Kami menyimpan Linux ipvs dan exabgp, dan kemudian melaksanakan sistem percubaan menggunakan kotak Linux standard dan perisian sumber terbuka. Kami juga mendedahkan bahawa sistem cadangan kami menghalakan trafik dengan lebihan dengan betul. Pengimbang beban yang dicadangkan kami boleh digunakan walaupun infrastruktur tidak mempunyai pengimbang beban yang disokong oleh Kubernetes dan dengan itu membebaskan pengguna daripada penguncian.
Kimitoshi TAKAHASHI
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies,Cluster Computing Inc.
Kento AIDA
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies,National Institute of Infomatics
Tomoya TANJO
National Institute of Infomatics
Jingtao SUN
National Institute of Infomatics
Kazushige SAGA
National Institute of Infomatics
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Salinan
Kimitoshi TAKAHASHI, Kento AIDA, Tomoya TANJO, Jingtao SUN, Kazushige SAGA, "A Portable Load Balancer with ECMP Redundancy for Container Clusters" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information,
vol. E102-D, no. 5, pp. 974-987, May 2019, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2018NTP0022.
Abstract: Linux container technology and clusters of the containers are expected to make web services consisting of multiple web servers and a load balancer portable, and thus realize easy migration of web services across the different cloud providers and on-premise datacenters. This prevents service to be locked-in a single cloud provider or a single location and enables users to meet their business needs, e.g., preparing for a natural disaster. However existing container management systems lack the generic implementation to route the traffic from the internet into the web service consisting of container clusters. For example, Kubernetes, which is one of the most popular container management systems, is heavily dependent on cloud load balancers. If users use unsupported cloud providers or on-premise datacenters, it is up to users to route the traffic into their cluster while keeping the redundancy and scalability. This means that users could easily be locked-in the major cloud providers including GCP, AWS, and Azure. In this paper, we propose an architecture for a group of containerized load balancers with ECMP redundancy. We containerize Linux ipvs and exabgp, and then implement an experimental system using standard Linux boxes and open source software. We also reveal that our proposed system properly route the traffics with redundancy. Our proposed load balancers are usable even if the infrastructure does not have supported load balancers by Kubernetes and thus free users from lock-ins.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/information/10.1587/transinf.2018NTP0022/_p
Salinan
@ARTICLE{e102-d_5_974,
author={Kimitoshi TAKAHASHI, Kento AIDA, Tomoya TANJO, Jingtao SUN, Kazushige SAGA, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information},
title={A Portable Load Balancer with ECMP Redundancy for Container Clusters},
year={2019},
volume={E102-D},
number={5},
pages={974-987},
abstract={Linux container technology and clusters of the containers are expected to make web services consisting of multiple web servers and a load balancer portable, and thus realize easy migration of web services across the different cloud providers and on-premise datacenters. This prevents service to be locked-in a single cloud provider or a single location and enables users to meet their business needs, e.g., preparing for a natural disaster. However existing container management systems lack the generic implementation to route the traffic from the internet into the web service consisting of container clusters. For example, Kubernetes, which is one of the most popular container management systems, is heavily dependent on cloud load balancers. If users use unsupported cloud providers or on-premise datacenters, it is up to users to route the traffic into their cluster while keeping the redundancy and scalability. This means that users could easily be locked-in the major cloud providers including GCP, AWS, and Azure. In this paper, we propose an architecture for a group of containerized load balancers with ECMP redundancy. We containerize Linux ipvs and exabgp, and then implement an experimental system using standard Linux boxes and open source software. We also reveal that our proposed system properly route the traffics with redundancy. Our proposed load balancers are usable even if the infrastructure does not have supported load balancers by Kubernetes and thus free users from lock-ins.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transinf.2018NTP0022},
ISSN={1745-1361},
month={May},}
Salinan
TY - JOUR
TI - A Portable Load Balancer with ECMP Redundancy for Container Clusters
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SP - 974
EP - 987
AU - Kimitoshi TAKAHASHI
AU - Kento AIDA
AU - Tomoya TANJO
AU - Jingtao SUN
AU - Kazushige SAGA
PY - 2019
DO - 10.1587/transinf.2018NTP0022
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SN - 1745-1361
VL - E102-D
IS - 5
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
Y1 - May 2019
AB - Linux container technology and clusters of the containers are expected to make web services consisting of multiple web servers and a load balancer portable, and thus realize easy migration of web services across the different cloud providers and on-premise datacenters. This prevents service to be locked-in a single cloud provider or a single location and enables users to meet their business needs, e.g., preparing for a natural disaster. However existing container management systems lack the generic implementation to route the traffic from the internet into the web service consisting of container clusters. For example, Kubernetes, which is one of the most popular container management systems, is heavily dependent on cloud load balancers. If users use unsupported cloud providers or on-premise datacenters, it is up to users to route the traffic into their cluster while keeping the redundancy and scalability. This means that users could easily be locked-in the major cloud providers including GCP, AWS, and Azure. In this paper, we propose an architecture for a group of containerized load balancers with ECMP redundancy. We containerize Linux ipvs and exabgp, and then implement an experimental system using standard Linux boxes and open source software. We also reveal that our proposed system properly route the traffics with redundancy. Our proposed load balancers are usable even if the infrastructure does not have supported load balancers by Kubernetes and thus free users from lock-ins.
ER -