The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. ex. Some numerals are expressed as "XNUMX".
Copyrights notice
The original paper is in English. Non-English content has been machine-translated and may contain typographical errors or mistranslations. Copyrights notice
Hashcash, yang merupakan Bukti Kerja (PoW) bitcoin, adalah berdasarkan masalah praimej fungsi cincang SHA-2 dan RIPEMD. Memandangkan fungsi cincang ini menggunakan pembinaan Merkle-Damgard (MD), praimej boleh didapati dengan ingatan yang boleh diabaikan. Memandangkan pengiraan sedemikian boleh dipercepatkan oleh ASIC khusus, ia mempunyai potensi risiko yang dipanggil serangan 51%. Untuk menangani isu ini, kami mencadangkan skim PoW baharu berdasarkan masalah pemulihan utama sifir blok lata. Dengan memilih parameter yang sesuai, cth, saiz blok dan saiz utama sifir blok asas, kita boleh menjadikan masalah ini sebagai masalah sukar ingatan sehingga memerlukan banyak memori untuk menyelesaikannya dengan cekap. Selain itu, kita boleh melaraskan kerumitan masa dan kerumitan memori secara bebas, mengikut keperluan oleh aplikasi sasaran dan kemajuan kuasa pengiraan.
Takaki ASANUMA
University of Hyogo
Takanori ISOBE
University of Hyogo
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Salinan
Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, "A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance" in IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information,
vol. E105-D, no. 2, pp. 248-255, February 2022, doi: 10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005.
Abstract: Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.
URL: https://global.ieice.org/en_transactions/information/10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005/_p
Salinan
@ARTICLE{e105-d_2_248,
author={Takaki ASANUMA, Takanori ISOBE, },
journal={IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information},
title={A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance},
year={2022},
volume={E105-D},
number={2},
pages={248-255},
abstract={Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.},
keywords={},
doi={10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005},
ISSN={1745-1361},
month={February},}
Salinan
TY - JOUR
TI - A Proof of Work Based on Key Recovery Problem of Cascade Block Ciphers with ASIC Resistance
T2 - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SP - 248
EP - 255
AU - Takaki ASANUMA
AU - Takanori ISOBE
PY - 2022
DO - 10.1587/transinf.2021BCP0005
JO - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
SN - 1745-1361
VL - E105-D
IS - 2
JA - IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information
Y1 - February 2022
AB - Hashcash, which is a Proof of Work (PoW) of bitcoin, is based on a preimage problem of hash functions of SHA-2 and RIPEMD. As these hash functions employ the Merkle-Damgard (MD) construction, a preimage can be found with negligible memory. Since such calculations can be accelerated by dedicated ASICs, it has a potential risk of a so-called 51% attack. To address this issue, we propose a new PoW scheme based on the key recovery problem of cascade block ciphers. By choosing the appropriate parameters, e.g., block sizes and key sizes of underlying block ciphers, we can make this problem a memory-hard problem such that it requires a lot of memory to efficiently solve it. Besides, we can independently adjust the required time complexity and memory complexity, according to requirements by target applications and progress of computational power.
ER -